Corrections, Retractions & Withdrawals Policy

Justitia Nova: Indonesian Journal of Modern Law is committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, transparency, and reliability of the scholarly record. When errors or ethical concerns are identified, the journal will take appropriate editorial action to correct or preserve the integrity of published research in accordance with internationally recognized publication ethics and the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Purpose

This policy aims to:

• Preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

• Correct significant errors in published articles.

• Address research misconduct appropriately.

• Ensure transparency in post-publication editorial actions.

• Maintain public confidence in the journal and its published content.

Corrections

A Correction (Erratum or Corrigendum) may be published when a significant error is identified that affects the clarity, accuracy, or completeness of a published article but does not invalidate its overall findings.

Examples include:

• Typographical errors affecting interpretation.

• Errors in author names or affiliations.

• Incorrect figures, tables, or references.

• Minor errors in data presentation.

• Errors introduced during the publication process.

Corrections will be clearly linked to the original article and permanently recorded.

Retractions

A published article may be retracted when its findings are determined to be unreliable or when serious breaches of publication ethics have occurred.

Retraction may be considered in cases including, but not limited to:

• Research data fabrication.

• Data falsification or manipulation.

• Plagiarism.

• Duplicate or redundant publication.

• Serious methodological errors that invalidate the conclusions.

• Unethical research practices.

• Undisclosed conflicts of interest that significantly affect the reliability of the publication.

• Peer review manipulation.

Retraction notices will remain permanently available and clearly identify the reasons for the retraction.

The original article will remain part of the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as "Retracted."

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal applies only to manuscripts that have been accepted or published online ahead of issue assignment but have not yet been formally assigned to a journal issue.

Withdrawal may be permitted under exceptional circumstances, including:

• Accidental duplicate submission.

• Serious administrative or technical errors.

• Legal concerns.

• Ethical issues identified before formal publication.

Authors requesting withdrawal must submit a written explanation to the Editorial Office.

The Editor-in-Chief retains the final authority to approve or decline withdrawal requests.

Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be published when substantial concerns regarding a published article exist but an investigation has not yet reached a final conclusion.

This notice serves to inform readers while the Editorial Office conducts a fair and independent investigation.

The notice may later be replaced by:

• A Correction.

• A Retraction.

• No further action if the concerns are not substantiated.

Investigation Process

When concerns are raised regarding a published or submitted manuscript, the Editorial Office may:

• Request clarification from the authors.

• Obtain supporting documentation.

• Consult reviewers, editorial board members, or independent experts.

• Contact the authors' institutions or funding organizations where appropriate.

• Conduct a confidential and impartial investigation.

Editorial decisions will be based on available evidence and internationally recognized ethical standards.

Editorial Responsibility

The Editor-in-Chief has primary responsibility for making decisions regarding corrections, withdrawals, retractions, and Expressions of Concern.

Editorial decisions are made independently, objectively, and without commercial, institutional, or personal influence.

Transparency

All post-publication editorial actions will:

• Be clearly identified.

• Remain permanently linked to the original article.

• Explain the reason for the editorial action.

• Preserve the integrity and transparency of the scholarly record.

Commitment to Scholarly Integrity

Justitia Nova is committed to maintaining an accurate, trustworthy, and transparent scholarly record. The journal will take appropriate corrective action whenever necessary to uphold research integrity, publication ethics, and public confidence in published legal scholarship.