Peer Review Process

All manuscripts submitted to Al-Tijarah: Journal of Islamic Economics, Finance and Business (ISSN Online: 3109-1709) undergo a rigorous double-blind peer review process to ensure the publication of high-quality, original, and scientifically sound research. Throughout the review process, the identities of both authors and reviewers remain anonymous in order to maintain objectivity, fairness, and academic integrity.

The editorial process begins with an initial screening conducted by the Editor-in-Chief or an assigned Associate Editor. At this stage, the manuscript is evaluated for its relevance to the journal's aims and scope, originality, scientific contribution, compliance with the journal's author guidelines, ethical standards, and overall presentation. Manuscripts that do not meet the journal's basic requirements may be rejected without external review.

Manuscripts that successfully pass the preliminary assessment are assigned to at least two independent reviewers who possess expertise relevant to the manuscript's subject area. Reviewers are selected based on their academic qualifications, publication record, research expertise, and the absence of any conflicts of interest. The journal applies a double-blind review system, meaning that reviewers do not know the identities of the authors, and authors do not know the identities of the reviewers.

During the review process, reviewers evaluate manuscripts based on several criteria, including originality, significance of the research, methodological rigor, theoretical contribution, validity of data analysis, clarity of presentation, quality of references, ethical compliance, and relevance to the field of Islamic economics, finance, and business. Reviewers are expected to provide constructive, objective, and evidence-based recommendations that contribute to improving the quality of the manuscript.

Based on the reviewers' reports, the editor will make one of the following editorial decisions:

• Accept without Revision

• Minor Revision

• Major Revision

• Reject

For manuscripts requiring revision, authors are expected to submit a revised version together with a detailed response explaining how each reviewer comment has been addressed. Revised manuscripts may be returned to the original reviewers for further evaluation when necessary before a final editorial decision is made.

The final decision regarding publication rests solely with the Editor-in-Chief, taking into consideration the reviewers' recommendations, the scientific merit of the manuscript, the journal's editorial standards, and the relevance of the work to the journal's scope. The Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to reject manuscripts that fail to satisfy the journal's academic or ethical standards, even after one or more rounds of peer review.

Throughout the editorial process, all participants are expected to maintain strict confidentiality. Manuscripts, reviewer reports, editorial correspondence, and supporting documents are treated as confidential materials and may not be disclosed or used for personal advantage without prior authorization from the Editorial Office.

Al-Tijarah is committed to ensuring that the peer review process is conducted in accordance with the Core Practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Any suspected conflicts of interest, ethical concerns, reviewer misconduct, plagiarism, citation manipulation, or attempts to compromise the integrity of the peer review process will be investigated by the Editorial Board and addressed following internationally accepted publication ethics standards.

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Editorial Workflow

For transparency, the editorial workflow of Al-Tijarah generally follows the sequence below:

1. Manuscript Submission

2. Initial Editorial Screening

3. Plagiarism Screening

4. Editor Assignment

5. Double-Blind Peer Review by at Least Two Reviewers

6. Editorial Decision

7. Author Revision (if required)

8. Final Acceptance

9. Copyediting

10. Layout Editing and Proofreading

11. DOI Registration (Zenodo)

12. Online Publication